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3D mapping of the dense interstellar gas around the Local Bubble
We present intermediate results from a long-term program of mapping theneutral absorption characteristics of the local interstellar medium,motivated by the availability of accurate and consistent parallaxes fromthe Hipparcos satellite. Equivalent widths of the interstellar NaID-line doublet at 5890 Å are presented for the lines-of-sighttowards some 311 new target stars lying within ~ 350 pc of the Sun.Using these data, together with NaI absorption measurements towards afurther ~ 240 nearby targets published in the literature (for many ofthem, in the directions of molecular clouds), and the ~ 450lines-of-sight already presented by (Sfeir et al. \cite{sfeir99}), weshow 3D absorption maps of the local distribution of neutral gas towards1005 sight-lines with Hipparcos distances as viewed from a variety ofdifferent galactic projections.The data are synthesized by means of two complementary methods, (i) bymapping of iso-equivalent width contours, and (ii) by densitydistribution calculation from the inversion of column-densities, amethod devised by Vergely et al. (\cite{vergely01}). Our present dataconfirms the view that the local cavity is deficient in cold and neutralinterstellar gas. The closest dense and cold gas ``wall'', in the firstquadrant, is at ~ 55-60 pc. There are a few isolated clouds at closerdistance, if the detected absorption is not produced by circumstellarmaterial.The maps reveal narrow or wide ``interstellar tunnels'' which connectthe Local Bubble to surrounding cavities, as predicted by the model ofCox & Smith (1974). In particular, one of these tunnels, defined bystars at 300 to 600 pc from the Sun showing negligible sodiumabsorption, connects the well known CMa void (Gry et al. \cite{gry85}),which is part of the Local Bubble, with the supershell GSH 238+00+09(Heiles \cite{heiles98}). High latitude lines-of-sight with the smallestabsorption are found in two ``chimneys'', whose directions areperpendicular to the Gould belt plane. The maps show that the LocalBubble is ``squeezed'' by surrounding shells in a complicated patternand suggest that its pressure is smaller than in those expandingregions.We discuss the locations of several HI and molecular clouds. Usingcomparisons between NaI and HI or CO velocities, in some cases we areable to improve the constraints on their distances. According to thevelocity criteria, MBM 33-37, MBM 16-18, UT 3-7, and MBM 54-55 arecloser than ~ 100 pc, and MBM 40 is closer than 80 pc. Dense HI cloudsare seen at less than 90 pc and 85 pc in the directions of the MBM 12and MBM 41-43 clouds respectively, but the molecular clouds themselvesmay be far beyond. The above closest molecular clouds are located at theneutral boundary of the Bubble. Only one translucent cloud, G192-67, isclearly embedded within the LB and well isolated.These maps of the distribution of local neutral interstellar NaI gas arealso briefly compared with the distribution of both interstellar dustand neutral HI gas within 300 pc.Tables 1 and 2 are only available in electronic form at the CDS viaanonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp:cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/411/447
| Rotational velocities of A-type stars in the northern hemisphere. II. Measurement of v sin i
This work is the second part of the set of measurements of v sin i forA-type stars, begun by Royer et al. (\cite{Ror_02a}). Spectra of 249 B8to F2-type stars brighter than V=7 have been collected at Observatoirede Haute-Provence (OHP). Fourier transforms of several line profiles inthe range 4200-4600 Å are used to derive v sin i from thefrequency of the first zero. Statistical analysis of the sampleindicates that measurement error mainly depends on v sin i and thisrelative error of the rotational velocity is found to be about 5% onaverage. The systematic shift with respect to standard values fromSlettebak et al. (\cite{Slk_75}), previously found in the first paper,is here confirmed. Comparisons with data from the literature agree withour findings: v sin i values from Slettebak et al. are underestimatedand the relation between both scales follows a linear law ensuremath vsin inew = 1.03 v sin iold+7.7. Finally, thesedata are combined with those from the previous paper (Royer et al.\cite{Ror_02a}), together with the catalogue of Abt & Morrell(\cite{AbtMol95}). The resulting sample includes some 2150 stars withhomogenized rotational velocities. Based on observations made atObservatoire de Haute Provence (CNRS), France. Tables \ref{results} and\ref{merging} are only available in electronic form at the CDS viaanonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.125.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/393/897
| Rotational velocities of A-type stars. I. Measurement of v sin i in the southern hemisphere
Within the scope of a Key Programme determining fundamental parametersof stars observed by HIPPARCOS, spectra of 525 B8 to F2-type starsbrighter than V=8 have been collected at ESO. Fourier transforms ofseveral line profiles in the range 4200-4500 Å are used to derivev sin i from the frequency of the first zero. Statistical analysis ofthe sample indicates that measurement error is a function of v sin i andthis relative error of the rotational velocity is found to be about 6%on average. The results obtained are compared with data from theliterature. There is a systematic shift from standard values from\citet{Slk_75}, which are 10 to 12% lower than our findings. Comparisonswith other independent v sin i values tend to prove that those fromSlettebak et al. are underestimated. This effect is attributed to thepresence of binaries in the standard sample of Slettebak et al., and tothe model atmosphere they used. Based on observations made at theEuropean Southern Observatory (ESO), La Silla, Chile, in the frameworkof the Key Programme 5-004-43K. Table 4 is only available in electronicform at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.125.5)or via http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/381/105
| Catalogue of Apparent Diameters and Absolute Radii of Stars (CADARS) - Third edition - Comments and statistics
The Catalogue, available at the Centre de Données Stellaires deStrasbourg, consists of 13 573 records concerning the results obtainedfrom different methods for 7778 stars, reported in the literature. Thefollowing data are listed for each star: identifications, apparentmagnitude, spectral type, apparent diameter in arcsec, absolute radiusin solar units, method of determination, reference, remarks. Commentsand statistics obtained from CADARS are given. The Catalogue isavailable in electronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp tocdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcar?J/A+A/367/521
| The proper motions of fundamental stars. I. 1535 stars from the Basic FK5
A direct combination of the positions given in the HIPPARCOS cataloguewith astrometric ground-based catalogues having epochs later than 1939allows us to obtain new proper motions for the 1535 stars of the BasicFK5. The results are presented as the catalogue Proper Motions ofFundamental Stars (PMFS), Part I. The median precision of the propermotions is 0.5 mas/year for mu alpha cos delta and 0.7mas/year for mu delta . The non-linear motions of thephotocentres of a few hundred astrometric binaries are separated intotheir linear and elliptic motions. Since the PMFS proper motions do notinclude the information given by the proper motions from othercatalogues (HIPPARCOS, FK5, FK6, etc.) this catalogue can be used as anindependent source of the proper motions of the fundamental stars.Catalogue (Table 3) is only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp tocdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strastg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/365/222
| A Second Catalog of Orbiting Astronomical Observatory 2 Filter Photometry: Ultraviolet Photometry of 614 Stars
Ultraviolet photometry from the Wisconsin Experiment Package on theOrbiting Astronomical Observatory 2 (OAO 2) is presented for 614 stars.Previously unpublished magnitudes from 12 filter bandpasses withwavelengths ranging from 1330 to 4250 Å have been placed on thewhite dwarf model atmosphere absolute flux scale. The fluxes wereconverted to magnitudes using V=0 for F(V)=3.46x10^-9 ergs cm^-2 s^-1Å^-1, or m_lambda=-2.5logF_lambda-21.15. This second catalogeffectively doubles the amount of OAO 2 photometry available in theliterature and includes many objects too bright to be observed withmodern space observatories.
| Search for reference A0 dwarf stars: Masses and luminosities revisited with HIPPARCOS parallaxes
Hipparcos data for 71 nearby dwarf A0 stars were combined with otherdata, in particular with high resolution spectra to establish the HRdiagram in this temperature range. Almost 30% of unknown binaries weredetected and discarded before establishing the cal M-L relation forbright A0 V field stars. The relationship derived for these single starsis compared to the classical diagram derived from eclipsing binaries.The scatter of the latter is examined and the role of gravity isdiscussed. A good agreement is found between the evolution-based surfacegravity log g_ev and the value of log g_ph obtained from photometricdata. Based on observations collected at the European SouthernObservatory (ESO), La Silla, Chile in the framework of the Key Programme5-004-43K and on data from the ESA Hipparcos astrometry satellite. TheTables 1-4 are also available electronically via anonymous ftp130.79.128.5 or via http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
| Radial velocities of HIPPARCOS southern B8-F2 type stars
Radial velocities have been determined for a sample of B8-F2 type starsobserved by the Hipparcos satellite. Observations were obtained withinthe framework of an ESO key-program. Radial velocities have beenmeasured using a cross-correlation method, the templates being a grid ofsynthetic spectra. The obtained precision depends on effectivetemperature and projected rotational velocity of the star as well as ona possible asymmetry of the correlation peak generally due to secondarycomponents. New spectroscopic binaries have been detected from theseasymmetries and the variability of the measured radial velocity.Simulations of binary and triple systems have been performed. Forbinaries our results have been compared with Hipparcos binary data.Adding the variable radial velocities, the minimum binary fraction hasbeen found 60% for physical systems. Radial velocities have beendetermined for 581 B8-F2 stars, 159 being new. Taking into accountpublished radial velocities, 39% south A-type stars with V magnitudelower than 7.5 have a radial velocity. Based on observations obtained atthe European Southern Observatory (ESO, La Silla, Chile) and on datafrom the ESA Hipparcos astrometry satellite.}\fnmsep \thanks{Tables 7, 8and 9 are only available in electronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftpto cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
| A search for circumstellar gas around normal A stars and Lambda Bootis stars
We have searched for interstellar or circumstellar absorption lines inthe center of Ca II K towards bright A-type stars that are mostly within80 pc of the Sun. Narrow absorption features are found in about 30 % ofthe 28 normal main-sequence A stars and 18 metal-deficient lambda Bootisstars studied. We have determined surface gravities and projectedrotational velocities. Most of the stars with detectable Ca K featureshave comparatively low gravities and high projected rotationalvelocities. This correlation with stellar properties implies that mostof the narrow absorption features are of circumstellar rather thaninterstellar origin. The preference of low gravity and rapid rotationfurthermore suggests that most of the gas shells around A stars developin the pre-main-sequence phase of evolution, and disappear largelybefore the star arrives at the ZAMS. Among the normal A stars studied,about 50 % are known to have dust disks. Unlike A stars withcircumstellar gas, these dusty stars do not prefer low log g and high vsin i. This results in an apparent lack of correlation between gas anddust, and indicates that normal A stars with gas shells and those withdust disks are not in the same evolutionary stage. We conjecture thatdust disks tend to develop after most of the gas has disappeared. Basedon observations collected at the European Southern Observatory, LaSilla, Chile
| DDO photometry of E-region stars and equatorial standards - II
This paper deals with the observations of 72 of McClure's equatorialstandard stars, made with the same photometer and DDO filters as wereused for the E-region stars in Cousins' Paper I in order to standardizethe observations. These observations were reduced in the natural systemand later transformed into McClure's system. Zero-point ties between theequatorial and E-region stars were also needed to standardize the lattersystem. With the exception of C(38-41), our photometry agrees as wellwith McClure's standard system as his own observations do, but both showsome small, apparently systematic, differences which are almostinevitable with a system like the DDO unless the response functions arevery well matched. Comparisons with 17 of Dean's measurements ofE-region stars show good agreement (~2 mmag) for the averagedzero-points, but there are small colour differences affecting C(35-38)and C(38-41) because of differences between the filters and thereduction procedures. This paper also deals with several problems in theDDO photometry that have implications for precision photometry ingeneral.
| Infrared excesses in A-type stars
Not Available
| The Southern Vilnius Photometric System. III. Observations of E and F Harvard Standard Regions, 47 TUC and Some Metal-Deficient Stars
The results of photoelectric photometry in the Vilnius system of 101southern stars in the areas E1--E4, E8, E9 and F1 as well as of somemetal deficient stars are presented. Photometrically determined spectraltypes and luminosity classes of these stars are also given.
| Vitesses radiales. Catalogue WEB: Wilson Evans Batten. Subtittle: Radial velocities: The Wilson-Evans-Batten catalogue.
We give a common version of the two catalogues of Mean Radial Velocitiesby Wilson (1963) and Evans (1978) to which we have added the catalogueof spectroscopic binary systems (Batten et al. 1989). For each star,when possible, we give: 1) an acronym to enter SIMBAD (Set ofIdentifications Measurements and Bibliography for Astronomical Data) ofthe CDS (Centre de Donnees Astronomiques de Strasbourg). 2) the numberHIC of the HIPPARCOS catalogue (Turon 1992). 3) the CCDM number(Catalogue des Composantes des etoiles Doubles et Multiples) byDommanget & Nys (1994). For the cluster stars, a precise study hasbeen done, on the identificator numbers. Numerous remarks point out theproblems we have had to deal with.
| High-resolution spectroscopy of λ Bootis stars and `dusty' normal A stars: circumstellar gas, rotation, and accretion.
We present results of a high-S/N search for circumstellar Ca K lines intwo classes of A stars: (i) metal-deficient stars of the λBootistype whose surface anomalies are believed to be due to accretion ofdepleted gas, and (ii) stars known to possess circumstellar dust disks,including Vega and βPictoris. We derive T_eff_ and logg and combinemodel-atmosphere analysis with spectrum synthesis to determine projectedrotational velocities, calcium abundances, and the motion ofcircumstellar gas with respect to the star. Narrow components in Ca Kare present in five of the eleven λBoo stars studied. Thisexceptional high incidence suggests that the λBoo phenomenon isrelated to the presence of circumstellar gas. Specific topics discussed(Sect. 6) include: (1) a connection between rotation, the presence ofdetectable amounts of CS gas, and metal deficiency, (2) Vega andβPic as suspected λBoo stars, (3) λBoo stars asprobable pre-main-sequence objects, and (4) episodes of massiveaccretion in βPic and in the λBoo star HR4881.
| The position corrections of 1400 stars observed with PA II in San Juan.
Not Available
| DDO photometry of E-region stars and equatorial standards (paper I).
Not Available
| Secondary UVBY standards in the Harvard E-regions
Photoelectric uvby photometry for 201 stars which are already UBV (RI)cstandards is presented. The photoelectric data are closely tied to theCousins uvby standards and the stars should be suitable for use asfainter (7-11 mag) secondary standards.
| A homogeneous catalog of new UBV and H-beta photometry of B- and A-type stars in and around the Scorpius-Centaurus OB association
B- and A-type stars in and near the Sco-Cen OB association areinvestigated with UBV and H-beta photometry to acquire data relevant tothe luminosity function of Sco-Cen. The measurements generally consistof two 10-s integrations of U, B, V, (W, N) filters, and theobservations are corrected iteratively for atmospheric extinction andinstrumental response. The data presented give the mean V magnitude,mean B-V, mean U-B, and the estimated uncertainties for these values.The catalog provides a homogeneous catalog of data for a large fieldwith stellar objects delineating membership to the association Sco-Cenand that affect the luminosity function of the aggregate.
| Newly identified main-sequence A stars with circumstellar dust
The IRAS Faint Source Survey data base and the ADDSCAN/SCANPI softwareare used to search for systems with circumstellar dust in two samples:all of the 62 A stars in Woolley's catalog, which lie near the mainsequence and are typically within 25 pc of the sun, and all A stars inthe Bright Star Catalogue with mV in the range 4-5 and v sin i not lessthan 100 km/s. In the first sample, 11 nearby A stars having (12)-(25)and (25)-(60) colors consistent with circumstellar dust are found. Theanalysis of the second sample demonstrates that the use of the FSS database increases the likelihood of identifying A stars with circumstellardust fainter than mV = 4. Three more new dusty systems are found in thissample. Beta Pictoris (A5 IV-V) is the only star within 25 pc of the sunthat displays IR colors indicative of both warm and cool dust. It isinferred from the absence of cool dust in the vast majority of thesystems that the dust disks of these stars are much less extended thanthat seen around Beta Pictoris.
| CA II H and K measurements made at Mount Wilson Observatory, 1966-1983
Summaries are presented of the photoelectric measurements of stellar CaII H and K line intensity made at Mount Wilson Observatory during theyears 1966-1983. These results are derived from 65,263 individualobservations of 1296 stars. For each star, for each observing season,the maximum, minimum, mean, and variation of the instrumental H and Kindex 'S' are given, as well as a measurement of the accuracy ofobservation. A total of 3110 seasonal summaries are reported. Factorswhich affect the ability to detect stellar activity variations andaccurately measure their amplitudes, such as the accuracy of the H and Kmeasurements and scattered light contamination, are discussed. Relationsare given which facilitate intercomparison of 'S' values with residualintensities derived from ordinary spectrophotometry, and for convertingmeasurements to absolute fluxes.
| Secondary standards for H-beta photometry in the Southern Hemisphere (second series).
Not Available
| Physical data of the fundamental stars.
Not Available
| Southern JHKL standards
The basis for the current SAAO standard photometric system at JHKL isgiven. This depends on an extensive investigation involving 230 starsdistributed around the sky. The accuracy is estimated at + or - 0.02 magfor J, H and K and + or - 0.05 mag for L.
| BVRI photometry of the Gliese Catalogue stars
Photoelectri BVRI photometry on the Cousins (Kron-Cape) system has beenobtained for many of the southern faint stars in the Gliese Catalog(1969). This extends the work of Cousins (1980) and provides a uniformset of data for the nearby stars. Several red dwarfs are noted, whichwere used to define the red end of the Cousins system.
| Secondary standards for H-beta photometry in the E regions.
Not Available
| UBV (RI)c standard stars in the E- and F-regions and in the Magellanic Clouds - a revised catalogue.
Not Available
| Secondary standards for the Stromgren UVBY system
Observations of 158 E region stars have been made in the Stromgrensystem, using the 46-cm reflector at Cape Town. They are mostly brighterthan eighth magnitude and are intended for use as secondary standardsfor the four-color system. The E region relative zero points are definedwith a precision of + or - 0.001 mag, and the internal standard errorsof the colors life between + or - 0.001 and + or - 0.002 mag.
| The early A type stars - Refined MK classification, confrontation with Stroemgren photometry, and the effects of rotation
The MK classification system for the early A-type stars is refined, anda parallel system of standards for the broad-lined stars is introduced.With this improved system, stars may be classified with significantlygreater precision than before. It is shown that spectral types in thissystem are not systematically affected by rotational line broadening. Atotal of 372 early A-type stars are classified, and a confrontation ofthese spectral types with Stroemgren photometry reveals a number ofsystematic photometric effects of rotation. In particular, high v sin istars are systematically redder than low v sin i stars of the samespectral type, and the beta index is weakened by rotation. It isconcluded that precise spectral classification in conjunction withStroemgren and H-beta photometry can potentially provide a valuablecheck and input to the theory of the atmospheres of rotating stars.
| Santiago declination catalogue - A declination catalogue of 412 FK4 stars (equinox 1950.0)
This catalog contains the positions in declination, of 412 FK4 stars.The observations were carried out with the Repsold Meridian Circle atCerro Calan National Astronomical Observatory, during the period1963-1968. The average mean square error of one observation (for thewhole catalog) is + or - 0.13 arcsec. The mean epoch of observation ofthe catalog is 1965.75.
| UBV photometry of E region standard stars of intermediate brightness
Photometry data are given for 335 stars in the nine E regions.Observations were made using a photometer and filters on the 47 cmreflector at Cape Town. The stellar dispersions are summarized. Data arepresented in tabular form.
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Observation and Astrometry data
| Constellation: | Sagittaire |
| Right ascension: | 20h22m27.50s |
| Declination: | -42°02'59.0" |
| Apparent magnitude: | 5.59 |
| Distance: | 74.906 parsecs |
| Proper motion RA: | 33.6 |
| Proper motion Dec: | -84.2 |
| B-T magnitude: | 5.579 |
| V-T magnitude: | 5.572 |
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INHABITED SKY
