Coronagraphic Imaging with the Hubble Space Telescope and the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph
The unfiltered Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) CCD in tandemwith focal plane wedges and a Lyot stop provides a simple white-lightcoronagraph with a bandpass of 0.2-1.0 μm, which has been used sincelate 1998 to image nebulosity around stars in the ranges0.34<=V<=14 and -0.03<=B-V<=1.65. The residual starlightseen in STIS coronagraphic images includes diffraction spikes due to theHubble Space Telescope (HST) secondary support structure, lacks distinctAiry rings, and varies smoothly with radius from the star. Thepoint-spread function (PSF) shape is a strong function of the sourcespectral energy distribution: we find that the PSF template needs todiffer from the occulted source color by Δ(B-V)<=0.08 mag.Optimal PSF removal is achieved for contemporary template observationsmatched to HST orbital phase of the science observations. Use ofnoncontemporary PSF templates can degrade the limiting contrast by up toa factor of 10-12 at r<=2''. These systematic effects arenegligible when the nebular surface brightness is comparable to theresidual starlight, and they become progressively more important assurface brightness decreases. STIS has been used to detect circumstellarenvelopes and protoplanetary disks with surface brightnesses spanning10-4 to 10-7 per HST resolution element perFstar at 2" from the star, debris disks withFIR/Fstar>=0.001, and emission-line nebulosityassociated with bipolar outflows. The limiting contrast for single-orbitintegrations with the star placed at a location where the coronagraphicwedge is 1.0" wide is 10-8 per HST resolution element perFstar for 6<=V<=8 stars. Deeper imagery can be obtainedby placing the star off the active detector area. When the star is 5"from the detector, a limiting contrast for a single-orbit integration of2.5×10-10 per HST resolution element perFstar is reached. At this contrast level, background objectsand the stellar color variability prevent further improvement byco-adding data from multiple orbits.Based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope,obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated bythe Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., underNASA contract NAS 5-26555. This study is part of the STIS IDTprotoplanetary disk key project.
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NICMOS Coronagraphic Observations of 55 Cancri
We present new near-infrared (1.1 μm) observations of thecircumstellar environment of the planet-bearing star 55 Cancri. Withthese Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images we are unable to confirm theobservation of bright scattered radiation at longer NIR wavelengthspreviously reported by Trilling and coworkers. NICMOS coronagraphicimages with detection sensitivities to ~100 μJy arcsec-2at 1.1 μm in the region 28-60 AU from the star fail to reveal anysignificant excess flux in point-spread function (PSF) subtracted imagestaken in two HST orbits. These new observations place flux densities inthe 19-28 AU zone at a factor of 10 or more below the reportedground-based observations. Applying a suite of a dozen well-matchedcoronagraphic reference PSFs, including one obtained in the same orbitsas the observations of 55 Cnc, yielded consistently null results indetecting a disk. We also searched for and failed to find a suggestedflux-excess anisotropy in the ratio of ~1.7:1 in the circumstellarbackground along and orthogonal to the plane of the putative disk. Wesuggest that, if such a disk does exist, then the total 1.1 μmspectral flux density in an annular zone 28-42 AU from the star must beno more than ~0.4 mJy, at least 10 times smaller than suggested byTrilling and Brown, upon which their very large estimate for the totaldust mass (0.4 M⊕) was based. Based on the far-infraredand submillimeter flux of this system and observations of scatteredlight and thermal emission from other debris disks, we also expect theintensity of the scattered light to be at least an order of magnitudebelow our upper limits.
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The proper motions of fundamental stars. I. 1535 stars from the Basic FK5
A direct combination of the positions given in the HIPPARCOS cataloguewith astrometric ground-based catalogues having epochs later than 1939allows us to obtain new proper motions for the 1535 stars of the BasicFK5. The results are presented as the catalogue Proper Motions ofFundamental Stars (PMFS), Part I. The median precision of the propermotions is 0.5 mas/year for mu alpha cos delta and 0.7mas/year for mu delta . The non-linear motions of thephotocentres of a few hundred astrometric binaries are separated intotheir linear and elliptic motions. Since the PMFS proper motions do notinclude the information given by the proper motions from othercatalogues (HIPPARCOS, FK5, FK6, etc.) this catalogue can be used as anindependent source of the proper motions of the fundamental stars.Catalogue (Table 3) is only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp tocdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strastg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/365/222
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Sixth Catalogue of Fundamental Stars (FK6). Part I. Basic fundamental stars with direct solutions
The FK6 is a suitable combination of the results of the HIPPARCOSastrometry satellite with ground-based data, measured over more than twocenturies and summarized in the FK5. Part I of the FK6 (abbreviatedFK6(I)) contains 878 basic fundamental stars with direct solutions. Suchdirect solutions are appropriate for single stars or for objects whichcan be treated like single stars. From the 878 stars in Part I, we haveselected 340 objects as "astrometrically excellent stars", since theirinstantaneous proper motions and mean (time-averaged) ones do not differsignificantly. Hence most of the astrometrically excellent stars arewell-behaving "single-star candidates" with good astrometric data. Thesestars are most suited for high-precision astrometry. On the other hand,199 of the stars in Part I are Δμ binaries in the sense ofWielen et al. (1999). Many of them are newly discovered probablebinaries with no other hitherto known indication of binarity. The FK6gives, besides the classical "single-star mode" solutions (SI mode),other solutions which take into account the fact that hidden astrometricbinaries among "apparently single-stars" introduce sizable "cosmicerrors" into the quasi-instantaneously measured HIPPARCOS proper motionsand positions. The FK6 gives in addition to the SI mode the "long-termprediction (LTP) mode" and the "short-term prediction (STP) mode". TheseLTP and STP modes are on average the most precise solutions forapparently single stars, depending on the epoch difference with respectto the HIPPARCOS epoch of about 1991. The typical mean error of anFK6(I) proper motion in the single-star mode is 0.35 mas/year. This isabout a factor of two better than the typical HIPPARCOS errors for thesestars of 0.67 mas/year. In the long-term prediction mode, in whichcosmic errors are taken into account, the FK6(I) proper motions have atypical mean error of 0.50 mas/year, which is by a factor of more than 4better than the corresponding error for the HIPPARCOS values of 2.21mas/year (cosmic errors included).
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The Circumstellar Disk of HD 141569 Imaged with NICMOS
Coronagraphic imaging with the Near-Infrared Camera and MultiobjectSpectrometer on the Hubble Space Telescope reveals a large, ~400 AU (4")radius, circumstellar disk around the Herbig Ae/Be star HD 141569. Areflected light image at 1.1 μm shows the disk oriented at a positionangle of 356^deg+/-5^deg and inclined to our line of sight by51^deg+/-3^deg the intrinsic scattering function of the dust in the diskmakes the side inclined toward us, the eastern side, brighter. The diskflux density peaks 185 AU (1.85") from the star and falls off to bothlarger and smaller radii. A region of depleted material, or a gap, inthe disk is centered 250 AU from the star. The dynamical effect of oneor more planets may be necessary to explain this morphology.
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NICMOS Imaging of the HR 4796A Circumstellar Disk
We report the first near-infrared (NIR) imaging of a circumstellarannular disk around the young (~8 Myr), Vega-like star HR 4796A. NICMOScoronagraph observations at 1.1 and 1.6 μm reveal a ringlikesymmetrical structure that peaks in reflected intensity 1.05"+/-0.02"(~70 AU) from the central A0 V star. The ring geometry, with aninclination of 73.1d+/-1.2d and a major axis position angle of26.8d+/-0.6d, is in good agreement with recent 12.5 and 20.8 μmobservations of a truncated disk. The ring is resolved with acharacteristic width of less than 0.26" (17 AU) and appears abruptlytruncated at both the inner and outer edges. The region of thedisk-plane inward of ~60 AU appears to be relatively free of scatteringmaterial. The integrated flux density of the part of the disk that isvisible (greater than 0.65" from the star) is found to be 7.6+/-0.5 and7.4+/-1.2 mJy at 1.1 and 1.6 mum, respectively. Correcting for theunseen area of the ring yields total flux densities of 12.8+/-1.0 and12.5+/-2.0 mJy, respectively (Vega magnitudes equal to 12.92+/-0.08 and12.35+/-0.18). The NIR luminosity ratio is evaluated from these resultsand ground-based photometry of the star. At these wavelengths,L_disk(lambda)/L_*(lambda) is equal to 1.4+/-0.2x10^-3 and2.4+/-0.5x10^-3, giving reasonable agreement between the stellar fluxscattered in the NIR and that which is absorbed in the visible andreradiated in the thermal infrared. The somewhat red reflectance of thedisk at these wavelengths implies a mean particle size in excess ofseveral microns, which is larger than typical interstellar grains. Theconfinement of material to a relatively narrow annular zone impliesdynamical constraints on the disk particles by one or more as yet unseenbodies.
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The Tokyo PMC catalog 90-93: Catalog of positions of 6649 stars observed in 1990 through 1993 with Tokyo photoelectric meridian circle
The sixth annual catalog of the Tokyo Photoelectric Meridian Circle(PMC) is presented for 6649 stars which were observed at least two timesin January 1990 through March 1993. The mean positions of the starsobserved are given in the catalog at the corresponding mean epochs ofobservations of individual stars. The coordinates of the catalog arebased on the FK5 system, and referred to the equinox and equator ofJ2000.0. The mean local deviations of the observed positions from theFK5 catalog positions are constructed for the basic FK5 stars to comparewith those of the Tokyo PMC Catalog 89 and preliminary Hipparcos resultsof H30.
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The ROSAT all-sky survey catalogue of optically bright OB-type stars.
For the detailed statistical analysis of the X-ray emission of hot starswe selected all stars of spectral type O and B listed in the Yale BrightStar Catalogue and searched for them in the ROSAT All-Sky Survey. Inthis paper we describe the selection and preparation of the data andpresent a compilation of the derived X-ray data for a complete sample ofbright OB stars.
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Vitesses radiales. Catalogue WEB: Wilson Evans Batten. Subtittle: Radial velocities: The Wilson-Evans-Batten catalogue.
We give a common version of the two catalogues of Mean Radial Velocitiesby Wilson (1963) and Evans (1978) to which we have added the catalogueof spectroscopic binary systems (Batten et al. 1989). For each star,when possible, we give: 1) an acronym to enter SIMBAD (Set ofIdentifications Measurements and Bibliography for Astronomical Data) ofthe CDS (Centre de Donnees Astronomiques de Strasbourg). 2) the numberHIC of the HIPPARCOS catalogue (Turon 1992). 3) the CCDM number(Catalogue des Composantes des etoiles Doubles et Multiples) byDommanget & Nys (1994). For the cluster stars, a precise study hasbeen done, on the identificator numbers. Numerous remarks point out theproblems we have had to deal with.
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SANTIAGO 91, a right ascension catalogue of 3387 stars (equinox J2000).
The positions in right ascension of 3387 stars belonging to the Santiago67 Catalogue, observed with the Repsold Meridian Circle at Cerro Calan,National Astronomical Observatory, during the period 1989 to 1994, aregiven. The average mean square error of a position, for the wholeCatalogue, is +/-0.009 s. The mean epoch of the catalogue is 1991.84.
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The companion of HR 5999 in the near infrared.
The Herbig Ae/Be star HR 5999 has been observed by high-angularresolution techniques in the near infrared. The companion to HR 5999,Rossiter 3930, is clearly resolved. Several independent observationspoint to the possibility that this star is a T Tauri star. A motion ofRossiter 3930 in respect to HR 5999 was not detected. Both stars mayform a common proper motion pair since their constellation did notchange within about 60 years. We did not find evidence for disk-like orshell structures around HR 5999.
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The position corrections of 1400 stars observed with PA II in San Juan.
Not Available
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A homogeneous catalog of new UBV and H-beta photometry of B- and A-type stars in and around the Scorpius-Centaurus OB association
B- and A-type stars in and near the Sco-Cen OB association areinvestigated with UBV and H-beta photometry to acquire data relevant tothe luminosity function of Sco-Cen. The measurements generally consistof two 10-s integrations of U, B, V, (W, N) filters, and theobservations are corrected iteratively for atmospheric extinction andinstrumental response. The data presented give the mean V magnitude,mean B-V, mean U-B, and the estimated uncertainties for these values.The catalog provides a homogeneous catalog of data for a large fieldwith stellar objects delineating membership to the association Sco-Cenand that affect the luminosity function of the aggregate.
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The kinematics of young disk population supercluster members
A discussion of the total space motions of early-type members of youngdisk population superclusters, derived from distances based on aphotometric calibration of four-color and H-beta photometry, shows anincrease in total velocity with increasing radial distance from the sun,within each supercluster. The rate of increase with distance varies fromsupercluster to supercluster because it results from the interaction oftwo effects - an 'expansion' that involves the total space motion and a'rotation' that involves only the V-velocity because it arises from therequirement that supercluster members have isoperiodic, galactic orbits.The ratio of the velocity in the direction of galactic rotation(V-velocity) to the total space motion determines the size of theresultant effect from the contradictory 'rotation' and 'expansion'terms. The expansion term is 40 to 45 km's/kpc in the superclustersdiscussed, whereas the rotation term is dV/dX = -(b-A) = 26 km/s/kpc,where B and A are the constants of galactic rotation.
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The Pleiades supercluster in FK 5
The age distribution of the early-type supercluster members whichdominate FK 5 is studied by means of the proper motions derived byFricke et al. (1988). The main values of the total space velocity of themembers and their dependence on radial distance from the sundemonstrates the characteristic dependence of isoperiodic galacticorbits. Models incorporating convective overshoot yield a wide range ofages, and dual epochs of star formation are identified for someindividual clusters. The results of the analysis include three widepairs of premain-sequence stars, three late-type supergiants, and oneevolved close visual binary. Recent speckle observations can be utilizedto determine the orbit of the latter binary and to determine thestructure of a potential equal-component binary comprising twomain-sequence stars. Orbital and stellar parameters are listed for theclusters which make up the Pleiades supercluster including periods,cluster parallaxes, and individual masses.
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Santiago Fundamental Catalogue - A catalogue of 1105 FK5 stars (equinox J2000.0)
The positions in right ascension and declination of 1105 FK5 stars,observed with a Meridian Circle during the period 1979 to 1991, aregiven. The average mean square error of a position, for the wholecatalog, is +/- 0.009 s in right ascension and +/- 0.10 arcsec indeclination. The mean epoch of the catalog is 1983.148.
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Physical data of the fundamental stars.
Not Available
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The third astrolabe catalogue at Valinhos
Individual Delta alpha and Delta beta corrections have been obtained for109 FK4 and FK4-Supplement stars, based on 45-deg zenith observationsmade with the Danjon astrolabe at Valinhos. The observations were madebetween December 1983 and December 1986, and they cover the declinationzone of + 20 deg to -65 deg. The present results have been compared withdata for the common stars of the First and Second Astrolabe Cataloguesat Valinhos, which were based on 30-deg zenith observations.
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Santiago declination catalogue - A declination catalogue of 412 FK4 stars (equinox 1950.0)
This catalog contains the positions in declination, of 412 FK4 stars.The observations were carried out with the Repsold Meridian Circle atCerro Calan National Astronomical Observatory, during the period1963-1968. The average mean square error of one observation (for thewhole catalog) is + or - 0.13 arcsec. The mean epoch of observation ofthe catalog is 1965.75.
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The local system of early type stars - Spatial extent and kinematics
Published uvby and H-beta photometric data and proper motions arecompiled and analyzed to characterize the structure and kinematics ofthe bright early-type O-A0 stars in the solar vicinity, with a focus onthe Gould belt. The selection and calibration techniques are explained,and the data are presented in extensive tables and graphs and discussedin detail. The Gould belt stars of age less than 20 Myr are shown togive belt inclination 19 deg to the Galactic plane and node-lineorientation in the direction of Galactic rotation, while the symmetricaldistribution about the Galactic plane and kinematic properties (purecircular differential rotation) of the belt stars over 60 Myr oldresemble those of fainter nonbelt stars of all ages. The unresolveddiscrepancy between the expansion observed in the youngest nearby starsand the predictions of simple models of expansion from a point isattributed to the inhomogeneous distribution of interstellar matter.
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The A0 stars
A photometric grid, standardized on MK spectral standards, has been usedto compare spectral types and luminosity classes obtainedphotometrically with those in two extensive spectral surveys coveringthe entire sky. Major discrepancies include the spectroscopicclassification of B9.5, which may indicate an otherwise unrecognizedspectral peculiarity, a different A0/A1 spectral type boundary in thetwo samples involved, the well-known misclassification of weak heliumstars, and an appreciable percentage of stars which are called dwarfsspectroscopically but are of higher photometric luminosity. The spacemotion vectors of these stars for which radial velocities are available,and excluding the minimum of 25 percent that are spectroscopic binarieswithout orbital elements, show structure in their distribution in the(U, V)-plane, with members of the Local Association and the Hyades andSirius superclusters forming obvious concentrations. The members of theLocal Association in the samples are mainly old (more than 200 millionyears) mode A stars, although a few much younger stars are included. Themembers of the Hyades and Sirius superclusters contain many bluestragglers, including several peculiar stars of the Hg, Mn, and Sivarieties.
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The first astrolabe catalogue at Valinhos
Individual corrections to the ascensions and declinations of 199 starsof the FK4 and FK4 Supplement, derived from the Danjon astrolabeobservations at Valinhos and covering the zone from +5 to -51 deg ofdeclination, are presented. The chain method of differences was used tomake the corrections. The observational station formulas used to obtainthe catalogue are cited and discussed and the systematic errors for thezone of the catalogue are given. The results are compared with those ofthe General Catalogue of Astrolabes.
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First astrolabe catalogue of Rio de Janeiro
A catalogue of right ascensions and declinations of FK4 and FK4Supplement stars, obtained from astrolabe observations at Rio deJaneiro, is presented. The quantity and accuracy of the observations,the systematic errors of the catalogue, the group corrections, and theascension and declination corrections are considered.
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Space velocities and ages of nearby early-type stars
Photometric distances and space velocities have been calculated for 458B0-A0 stars with apparent magnitudes not exceeding 6.5. UsingStromgren's ubvy-beta photometry the effective temperature and theposition in bolometric magnitude over the zero-age main sequence of thestars were derived. These quantities were used to obtain age and massfor 423 of the stars by interpolation in the models of stellar evolutionfor the chemical composition (X Z) = (0.7, 0.03). A relation forderiving interstellar reddening for normal stars in the intermediategroup is given.
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Catalogue general des etoiles observees a l'astrolabe (1957-1975), corrections individuelles aux positions DU FK4.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1978A&AS...31..159B&db_key=AST
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Intermediate band photometry of early-type stars.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1977PASP...89..205E&db_key=AST
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Is star formation bimodal ? II. The nearest early-type stars.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1977PASP...89..187E&db_key=AST
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Statistical analysis of the Danjon astrolabe at SAO Paulo.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1976A&AS...25...55C&db_key=AST
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Observations of the 21-CM Hydrogen Line Toward High-Latitude Stars
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1969ApJ...157.1101G&db_key=AST
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Résultats des observations faites à Tananarive avec l'Astrolabe A. Danjon
Not Available
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INHABITED SKY
