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Discovery of magnetic fields in the βCephei star ξ1 CMa and in several slowly pulsating B stars*
We present the results of a magnetic survey of a sample of eightβCephei stars and 26 slowly pulsating B (SPBs) stars with the FOcalReducer low dispersion Spectrograph at the Very Large Telescope. A weakmean longitudinal magnetic field of the order of a few hundred Gauss isdetected in the βCephei star ξ1CMa and in 13 SPBstars. The star ξ1CMa becomes the third magnetic staramong the βCephei stars. Before our study, the star ζCas wasthe only known magnetic SPB star. All magnetic SPB stars for which wegathered several magnetic field measurements show a field that varies intime. We do not find a relation between the evolution of the magneticfield with stellar age in our small sample. Our observations imply thatβCephei and SPB stars can no longer be considered as classes ofnon-magnetic pulsators, but the effect of the fields on the oscillationproperties remains to be studied.
| Evolution of magnetic fields in stars across the upper main sequence: I. Catalogue of magnetic field measurements with FORS 1 at the VLT
To properly understand the physics of Ap and Bp stars it is particularlyimportant to identify the origin of their magnetic fields. For that, anaccurate knowledge of the evolutionary state of stars that have ameasured magnetic field is an important diagnostic. Previous resultsbased on a small and possibly biased sample suggest that thedistribution of magnetic stars with mass below 3 M_ȯ in the H-Rdiagram differs from that of normal stars in the same mass range (Hubriget al. 2000). In contrast, higher mass magnetic Bp stars may well occupythe whole main-sequence width (Hubrig, Schöller & North 2005b).In order to rediscuss the evolutionary state of upper main sequencemagnetic stars, we define a larger and bias-free sample of Ap and Bpstars with accurate Hipparcos parallaxes and reliably determinedlongitudinal magnetic fields. We used FORS 1 at the VLT in itsspectropolarimetric mode to measure the magnetic field in chemicallypeculiar stars where it was unknown or poorly known as yet. In thisfirst paper we present our results of the mean longitudinal magneticfield measurements in 136 stars. Our sample consists of 105 Ap and Bpstars, two PGa stars, 17 HgMn stars, three normal stars, and nine SPBstars. A magnetic field was for the first time detected in 57 Ap and Bpstars, in four HgMn stars, one PGa star, one normal B-type star and fourSPB stars.
| Evolution of interacting binaries with a B type primary at birth
We revisited the analytical expression for the mass ratio distributionfor non-evolved binaries with a B type primary. Selection effectsgoverning the observations were taken into account in order to comparetheory with observations. Theory was optimized so as to fit best withthe observed q-distribution of SB1s and SB2s. The accuracy of thistheoretical mass ratio distribution function is severely hindered by theuncertainties on the observations. We present a library of evolutionarycomputations for binaries with a B type primary at birth. Some liberalcomputations including loss of mass and angular momentum during binaryevolution are added to an extensive grid of conservative calculations.Our computations are compared statistically to the observeddistributions of orbital periods and mass ratios of Algols. ConservativeRoche Lobe Over Flow (RLOF) reproduces the observed distribution oforbital periods but fails to explain the observed mass ratios in therange q in [0.4-1]. In order to obtain a better fit the binaries have tolose a significant amount of matter, without losing much angularmomentum.
| X-ray spectral and timing characteristics of the stars in the young open cluster IC 2391
We present X-ray spectral and timing analysis of members of the youngopen cluster IC 2391 observed with the XMM-Newton observatory. Wedetected 99 X-ray sources by analysing the summed data obtained fromMOS1, MOS2 and pn detectors of the EPIC camera; 24 of them are members,or probable members, of the cluster. Stars of all spectral types havebeen detected, from the early-types to the late-M dwarfs. Despite thecapability of the instrument to recognize up to 3 thermal components,the X-ray spectra of the G, K and M members of the cluster are welldescribed with two thermal components (at kT1 0.3-0.5keV and kT2 1.0-1.2 keV respectively) while the X-rayspectra of F members require only a softer 1-T model. TheKolmogorov-Smirnov test applied to the X-ray photon time series showsthat approximately 46% of the members of IC 2391 are variable with aconfidence level >99%. The comparison of our data with those obtainedwith ROSAT/PSPC, nine years earlier, and ROSAT/HRI, seven years earlier,shows that there is no evidence of significant variability on thesetime scales, suggesting that long-term variations due to activity cyclessimilar to that on the Sun are not common, if present at all, amongthese young stars.
| Data mining in the young open cluster IC2391
Large-scale astrometric and photometric data bases have been used tosearch for and confirm stellar membership of the open cluster IC2391.125 stars were found that satisfied criteria for membership based onproper motion components and BRI photometry from the United States NavalObservatory B (USNO-B) catalogue and JHK photometry from the Two MicronAll Sky Survey (2MASS) catalogue. This listing was compared with othersrecently published. A distance to the cluster of 147.7 +/- 5.5 pc wasfound with mean proper motion components, from the Tycho2 catalogue of(-25.04 +/- 1.53 masyr-1+23.19+/-1.23 masyr-1). Arevised Trumpler classification of II3r is suggested. Luminosity andmass functions for the candidate stars were constructed and comparedwith those of field stars and other clusters.
| Empirical Absolute Magnitudes, Luminosities and Effective Temperatures of SPB Variables and the Problem of Variability Classification of Monoperiodic Stars
We derive semi--empirical log L/Lodot for 27 stars classifiedas SPB on the basis of Hipparcos photometry and we plot these stars onthe log Teff-log L/Lodot diagram. We confirmpulsations of HIP 63210 and HIP 108348 and show that luminosities andmasses derived from photometry are of limited use for asteroseismology.For HIP 69174 and 77227, two SB2 systems with an SPB primary, we computethe age of the systems, the orbital inclination - i, the large semi-axis- a, and the masses, radii, log Teff, log g and logL/Lodot of the components.We discover five new multiperiodic stars classified in the literature asSPB, namely, HIP 5161, 20963, 26243, 26464 and 44996. One of thesestars, HIP 26243, shows periods on the time-scales of days and hours.Finally, we discuss classification of monoperiodic SPBs and show thatphotometry combined with evolutionary models can be helpful inpreselecting tentative pulsators.
| 3D mapping of the dense interstellar gas around the Local Bubble
We present intermediate results from a long-term program of mapping theneutral absorption characteristics of the local interstellar medium,motivated by the availability of accurate and consistent parallaxes fromthe Hipparcos satellite. Equivalent widths of the interstellar NaID-line doublet at 5890 Å are presented for the lines-of-sighttowards some 311 new target stars lying within ~ 350 pc of the Sun.Using these data, together with NaI absorption measurements towards afurther ~ 240 nearby targets published in the literature (for many ofthem, in the directions of molecular clouds), and the ~ 450lines-of-sight already presented by (Sfeir et al. \cite{sfeir99}), weshow 3D absorption maps of the local distribution of neutral gas towards1005 sight-lines with Hipparcos distances as viewed from a variety ofdifferent galactic projections.The data are synthesized by means of two complementary methods, (i) bymapping of iso-equivalent width contours, and (ii) by densitydistribution calculation from the inversion of column-densities, amethod devised by Vergely et al. (\cite{vergely01}). Our present dataconfirms the view that the local cavity is deficient in cold and neutralinterstellar gas. The closest dense and cold gas ``wall'', in the firstquadrant, is at ~ 55-60 pc. There are a few isolated clouds at closerdistance, if the detected absorption is not produced by circumstellarmaterial.The maps reveal narrow or wide ``interstellar tunnels'' which connectthe Local Bubble to surrounding cavities, as predicted by the model ofCox & Smith (1974). In particular, one of these tunnels, defined bystars at 300 to 600 pc from the Sun showing negligible sodiumabsorption, connects the well known CMa void (Gry et al. \cite{gry85}),which is part of the Local Bubble, with the supershell GSH 238+00+09(Heiles \cite{heiles98}). High latitude lines-of-sight with the smallestabsorption are found in two ``chimneys'', whose directions areperpendicular to the Gould belt plane. The maps show that the LocalBubble is ``squeezed'' by surrounding shells in a complicated patternand suggest that its pressure is smaller than in those expandingregions.We discuss the locations of several HI and molecular clouds. Usingcomparisons between NaI and HI or CO velocities, in some cases we areable to improve the constraints on their distances. According to thevelocity criteria, MBM 33-37, MBM 16-18, UT 3-7, and MBM 54-55 arecloser than ~ 100 pc, and MBM 40 is closer than 80 pc. Dense HI cloudsare seen at less than 90 pc and 85 pc in the directions of the MBM 12and MBM 41-43 clouds respectively, but the molecular clouds themselvesmay be far beyond. The above closest molecular clouds are located at theneutral boundary of the Bubble. Only one translucent cloud, G192-67, isclearly embedded within the LB and well isolated.These maps of the distribution of local neutral interstellar NaI gas arealso briefly compared with the distribution of both interstellar dustand neutral HI gas within 300 pc.Tables 1 and 2 are only available in electronic form at the CDS viaanonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp:cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/411/447
| Metallicities of the SPB stars from the IUE ultraviolet spectra
We derived the stellar parameters (angular diameters, effectivetemperatures, metallicities) and interstellar reddenings for 20 SPB and34 reference stars observed during the IUE satellite mission. Theparameters were derived by means of an algorithmic procedure of fittingtheoretical flux distributions to the low-resolution IUE spectra andoptical spectrophotometric observations. Since the metallicity [m/H] hasa special importance for pulsating B type stars, we focused ourattention on that parameter. We found that the mean value of themetallicity of the considered SPB and reference stars amounts to [m/H] ~-0.20. The results only slightly depend on the reduction procedure usedfor the IUE images (NEWSIPS and INES). The metal abundances obtained inthis paper are in accordance with the average value of -0.2 dex forstars in the solar neighborhood recently reported by otherinvestigators.Tables 3-7 are only available in electronic form at the CDS viaanonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/404/689
| A photometric mode identification method, including an improved non-adiabatic treatment of the atmosphere
We present an improved version of the method of photometric modeidentification of Heynderickx et al. (\cite{hey}). Our new version isbased on the inclusion of precise non-adiabatic eigenfunctionsdetermined in the outer stellar atmosphere according to the formalismrecently proposed by Dupret et al. (\cite{dup}). Our improvedphotometric mode identification technique is therefore no longerdependent on ad hoc parameters for the non-adiabatic effects. Itcontains the complete physical conditions of the outer atmosphere of thestar, provided that rotation does not play a key role. We apply ourmethod to the two slowly pulsating B stars HD 74560 and HD 138764 and tothe beta Cephei star EN (16) Lac. Besides identifying the degree l ofthe pulsating stars, our method is also a tool for improving theknowledge of stellar interiors and atmospheres, by imposing constraintson parameters such as the metallicity and the mixing-length parameteralpha (a procedure we label non-adiabatic asteroseismology).The non-adiabatic eigenfunctions needed for the mode identification areavailable upon request from the authors.
| On the behavior of the Cii 4267.261, 6578.052 and 6582.882 Å lines in chemically peculiar and standard stars
With the aim of investigating the possible particular behavior of carbonin a sample of chemically peculiar stars of the main sequence withoutturning to modeling, we performed spectroscopic observations of threeimportant and usually prominent single ionized carbon lines: 4267.261,6578.052 and 6582.882 Å. In addition, we observed a large numberof standard stars in order to define a kind of normality strip, usefulfor comparing the observed trend for the peculiar stars. We paidparticular attention to the problem of the determination of fundamentalatmospheric parameters, especially for the chemically peculiar stars forwhich the abundance anomalies change the flux distribution in such a waythat the classical photometric methods to infer effective temperaturesand gravities parameter cannot be applied. Regarding CP stars, we founda normal carbon abundance in Hg-Mn, Si (with some exceptions) and Hestrong stars. He weak stars are normal too, but with a large spread outof the data around the mean value. A more complicated behavior has beennoted in the group of SrCrEu stars: four out of seven show a strongoverabundance, being the others normal.
| Photometric modelling of slowly pulsating B stars
The photometric characteristics of slowly pulsating B stars areinvestigated using a numerical approach. Stability calculations areperformed for a set of stellar models representative of the mid-B type,using a non-radial non-adiabatic pulsation code. The results from thesecalculations are used to synthesize photometry, in several commonsystems, for unstable modes of harmonic degrees l=1...4. Focusing on theGeneva system for illustrative purposes, a variety of techniques areemployed to analyse and visualize the synthetic data, including the useof multicolour-amplitudes and amplitude-phase diagnostic diagrams. Oneoutstanding aspect of the analysis is the discovery, for the l=2...4modes, of `inter-term cancellation' (ITC) - the process of destructiveinterference between the flux variations originating from surfacetemperature perturbations and those arising from radius perturbations.The ITC can be severe enough that a mode may be excited to a significantamplitude, and yet exhibit levels of photometric variability that fallbelow typical observational detection thresholds. Furthermore, it canaffect not only the light variations in a given photometric passband,but also the variations of the bolometric flux. However, thecancellation is dependent on wavelength, and will not occur to the samedegree in more than one passband. Therefore, simultaneous observation ina multitude of passbands represents the best approach to ensuring thatno modes are overlooked during searches for variability in B-type stars.A consequence of ITC is that ratios between the variability amplitude,in differing passbands, become very sensitive towards mode-to-modechanges in the pulsation. This increased sensitivity will tend tocomplicate any attempts at identifying the harmonic degrees of the modesresponsible for observed variability. However, the cancellation alsointroduces significant phase differences between the light variations ineach passband, especially for the l=3 and l=4 modes. On the grounds thatcorrespondingly large phase differences are not seen in observationaldata, it is argued that the variability seen in slowly pulsating B starscan tentatively be attributed to l=1 and l=2 modes.
| A study of bright southern slowly pulsating B stars. II. The intrinsic frequencies
We present the results of detailed frequency analyses of a sample ofthirteen confirmed slowly pulsating B stars. Our analysis is based on acombination of elaborate photometric and spectroscopic data-sets. Theoriginal sample consists of a mixture of five confirmed slowly pulsatingB stars and twelve candidate slowly pulsating B stars discovered thanksto the photometric measurements of the HIPPARCOS satellite. HD 55522 andHD 131120 turn out to be chemically peculiar stars. HD 169978 and HD69144 are two ellipsoidal variables for which no intrinsic variabilityis found. At least nine of the thirteen studied slowly pulsating B starsare multi-periodic. For HD 74195, HD 85953, HD 123515 and HD 215573, theobserved frequency spacings suggest that we are dealing with frequencymultiplets. For the apparent mono-periodic binary HD 24587, it is notclear if the observed variations are induced by stellar pulsation and/orby rotation modulation. We highlight the statistical character of theobserved pulsational properties of our sample. Based on observationscollected with the CAT Telescope of the European Southern Observatoryand with the Swiss Photometric Telescope of the Geneva Observatory, bothsituated at La Silla in Chile Full Tables 2-4, 6-15 are only availablein electronic form at the CDS via anounymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr(130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/393/965
| Multiperiodicities from the Hipparcos epoch photometry and possible pulsation in early A-type stars
A selection criterion based on the relative strength of the largestpeaks in the amplitude spectra, and an information criterion are used incombination to search for multiperiodicities in Hipparcos epochphotometry. The method is applied to all stars which have beenclassified as variable in the Hipparcos catalogue: periodic, unsolvedand microvariables. Results are assessed critically: although there aremany problems arising from aliasing, there are also a number ofinteresting frequency combinations which deserve further investigation.One such result is the possible occurrence of multiple periods of theorder of a day in a few early A-type stars. The Hipparcos catalogue alsocontains a number of these stars with single periodicities: such starswith no obvious variability classifications are listed, and informationabout their properties (e.g., radial velocity variations) discussed.These stars may constitute a new class of pulsators.
| Seven-Color Photoelectric Photometry of the Omicron Velorum Cluster
Photoelectric observations in the Vilnius seven-color photometric systemof 36 stars in the magnitude range 3.6 < V < 10.7 in the opencluster around the star o Velorum are presented. Photometric spectraland luminosity classes are determined for each star from which the meandistance modulus of the cluster is found to be 5.94+/-0.02 mag and themean color excess EY-V = 0.00+/-0.02 mag. The membership ofthe cluster stars is discussed.
| Are Stellar Rotational Axes Distributed Randomly?
Stellar line widths yield values of Vsini, but the equatorial rotationalvelocities, V, cannot be determined for individual stars withoutknowledge of their inclinations, i, relative to the lines of sight. Forlarge numbers of stars we usually assume random orientations ofrotational axes to derive mean values of V, but we wonder whether thatassumption is valid. Individual inclinations can be derived only inspecial cases, such as for eclipsing binaries where they are close to90° or for chromospherically active late-type dwarfs or spotted(e.g., Ap) stars where we have independent information about therotational periods. We consider recent data on 102 Ap stars for whichCatalano & Renson compiled rotational periods from the literatureand Abt & Morrell (primarily) obtained measures of Vsini. We findthat the rotational axes are oriented randomly within the measuringerrors. We searched for possible dependence of the inclinations onGalactic latitude or longitude, and found no dependence.
| Catalogue of Apparent Diameters and Absolute Radii of Stars (CADARS) - Third edition - Comments and statistics
The Catalogue, available at the Centre de Données Stellaires deStrasbourg, consists of 13 573 records concerning the results obtainedfrom different methods for 7778 stars, reported in the literature. Thefollowing data are listed for each star: identifications, apparentmagnitude, spectral type, apparent diameter in arcsec, absolute radiusin solar units, method of determination, reference, remarks. Commentsand statistics obtained from CADARS are given. The Catalogue isavailable in electronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp tocdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcar?J/A+A/367/521
| The Local Interstellar Medium in Puppis-Vela
The first study of the local interstellar medium (LISM) towardPuppis-Vela (l=245deg to 275°, b=-15deg to+5°, d<200 pc) is presented in this paper. A study of thelocations, sizes, and physical characteristics of local interstellargas, i.e.``astronephography,'' is included, and relies upon the improveddistance measurements provided by Hipparcos parallax measurements. Allspectra of more distant sight lines contain absorption features due tointervening local gas, and more distant structures can only be studiedaccurately if components due to the LISM have been isolated. Towardsthis end, high-resolution (R~95,000), high signal-to-noise (S/N ~ 110 to250) Na I λλ5889.951, 5895.924 spectra of 11 nearby starsin the direction of Puppis-Vela have been obtained with the CoudéEchelle Spectrograph on the 1.4 m Coudé Auxiliary Telescope atthe European Southern Observatory. Toward Puppis-Vela, absorption due tothe Local Interstellar Cloud (LIC) was not observed, but components atthree distinct velocities were found, and the extent of the local gasproducing the features was estimated. The three components have thefollowing locations and velocities: component A-(l~276° to 298°,b~-5degto +4°), Vhelio=+6 to +9 kms-1, and d~104 pc; component B-(l~264deg to276°, b~-7deg to +3°), Vhelio=+12 to +15km s-1, and d~115 pc; component C-(l~252deg to271°, b~-8deg to -6°), Vhelio=+21 to +23km s-1, and d~131 pc. The conclusions regarding theultraviolet spectrum of γ2 Vel (l=263deg,b=-8deg, d=258+/-35 pc) presented by Fitzpatrick &Spitzer were reexamined in light of this new LISM data, and theambiguity in their conclusions about several absorption components isresolved. The stars in Puppis-Vela flank the region of the apparentextension of the Local Bubble (or Cavity) known as the β CMatunnel, and measurements of the Na I column density towards the samplestars have been used to modify existing estimates of the extent of thetunnel. A compilation of all existing Na I observations of less than 200pc sight lines around the tunnel reveal that low column densities havebeen exclusively detected within l~210deg to 250°, andb~-21deg to -9°. Near the Galactic plane, at latitudes-10deg
| A study of bright southern slowly pulsating B stars. I. Determination of the orbital parameters and of the main frequency of the spectroscopic binaries
In 1996, we started a long-term spectroscopic and photometric study of17 southern Slowly Pulsating B-stars. In this paper, we report ourfinding that at least 8 of them turn out to be spectroscopic binaries.We present the results of the determination of the orbits from thespectroscopic data. There is a great variety in the derived orbits.HD123515 and HD140873 were known as single-lined spectroscopic binaries,but both turn out to be double-lined. All the others binaries aresingle-lined. For HD140873 and HD177863, we find orbits with a largeeccentricity of respectively e=0.731 +/- 0.006 and e=0.603 +/- 0.007.HD69144, HD92287 and HD169978 are three circular binaries with a veryshort orbital period (a few days). Since their photometric measurementsare dominated by a (close to) sinusoidal variation with twice theorbital frequency, these stars are ellipsoidal variables. Their orbitalperiods are of the same order of magnitude as the periods of pulsation.After removing the orbit, we find the same first frequency in theresidual radial velocities as in the gathered photometric measurementsfor 6 stars. For HD69144 and HD169978 we did not yet succeed in derivingan intrinsic period, although HD69144 has prominent line profilevariations. HD169978 was misclassified as an SPB. Based on observationscollected with the CAT Telescope of the European Southern Observatoryand with the Swiss Photometric Telescope of the Geneva Observatory, bothsituated at La Silla in Chile
| Open clusters with Hipparcos. I. Mean astrometric parameters
New memberships, mean parallaxes and proper motions of all 9 openclusters closer than 300 pc (except the Hyades) and 9rich clusters between 300 and 500 pc have been computed using Hipparcosdata. Precisions, ranging from 0.2 to 0.5 mas for parallaxes and 0.1 to0.5 mas/yr for proper motions, are of great interest for calibratingphotometric parallaxes as well as for kinematical studies. Carefulinvestigations of possible biases have been performed and no evidence ofsignificant systematic errors on the mean cluster parallaxes has beenfound. The distances and proper motions of 32 more distant clusters,which may be used statistically, are also indicated. Based onobservations made with the ESA Hipparcos astrometry satellite
| Selection of a sample of bright southern Slowly Pulsating B Stars for long-term photometric and spectroscopic monitoring
The photometric experiment on Hipparcos has led to the discovery of,among other types of variables, a large amount of new Slowly Pulsating BStars. We have selected twelve bright southern stars of this sample,together with five previously known Slowly Pulsating B Stars, forspectroscopic and photometric monitoring. These seventeen stars havespectral types ranging from B 2 up to B 9 and thus fully cover theinstability strip. We here present the results of a preliminary analysisof our data and show that our sample is an extremely important one toperform seismology of intermediate-massive stars. In particular, we findthat all but one of the selected stars exhibit clear line-profilevariability. The broader-lined Slowly Pulsating B Stars tend to havemore complex line-profile variations. One of the previously known SlowlyPulsating B stars was known to be a binary. Besides this star, anothersix of the selected Slowly Pulsating B stars turn out to be multiplesystems. Five of these seven binaries have large rotational velocitiesand complicated line-profile variations with moving subfeatures. It isnot yet clear whether or not the binarity results in a particularspectrum of excited modes. Based on observations collected with the CATTelescope of the European Southern Observatory and with the SwissPhotometric Telescope of the Geneva Observatory, both situated at LaSilla in Chile
| A Deep X-Ray Image of IC 2391
A 56 ks soft X-ray image of the IC 2391 star cluster has been acquiredwith the ROSAT High Resolution Imager, resulting in the detection of 34sources above a 3 sigma detection level of L_X~=4x10^28 ergs s^-1. Wereport source coordinates and fluxes plus identifications and broadbandBVRI photometry for optical counterparts to each source. We comparethese results with X-ray source fluxes from a ROSAT PSPC image of thesame region, which we obtained 2 yr earlier. The largest change in X-raybrightness for any of the known or suspected G, K, and M cluster membersis 0.43 dex, i.e., a factor of ~3. Given this modest amplitude in X-rayvariability, we conclude that the broad (factor of 20) dispersion inX-ray luminosities within IC 2391 is unrelated to short- orintermediate-term cycles of the stellar dynamo. We further show that theeffects of source confusion on the PSPC X-ray luminosity function, fordistance scales of 5"-30", are relatively small and are thus negligiblefor the purpose of comparing IC 2391 with older clusters and forstudying the evolution of coronal X-ray emission in solar-type stars.The greater part of the observed scatter in X-ray luminosity within IC2391 still awaits explanation.
| A common resonance of delta SCT stars and ellipsoidal binaries.
Not Available
| On the normal spectral energy distribution of stars: Spectral types O9-B5
The normal energy distributions for fifteen spectral subtypes from O9 toB5 for luminosity classes V, IV, and III are derived. Threephotometrically uniform catalogs served as the source of thespectrophotometric data used. Synthetic color indices for all spectraltypes are calculated using the energy distribution curves obtained.Comparison of these indices with the expected normal color indicessuggests that the energy distributions derived are reliable.
| On the HIPPARCOS photometry of chemically peculiar B, A, and F stars
The Hipparcos photometry of the Chemically Peculiar main sequence B, A,and F stars is examined for variability. Some non-magnetic CP stars,Mercury-Manganese and metallic-line stars, which according to canonicalwisdom should not be variable, may be variable and are identified forfurther study. Some potentially important magnetic CP stars are noted.Tables 1, 2, and 3 are available only in electronic form at the CDS viaanonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
| The observed periods of AP and BP stars
A catalogue of all the periods up to now proposed for the variations ofCP2, CP3, and CP4 stars is presented. The main identifiers (HD and HR),the proper name, the variable-star name, and the spectral type andpeculiarity are given for each star as far as the coordinates at 2000.0and the visual magnitude. The nature of the observed variations (light,spectrum, magnetic field, etc.) is presented in a codified way. Thecatalogue is arranged in three tables: the bulk of the data, i.e. thosereferring to CP2, CP3, and CP4 stars, are given in Table 1, while thedata concerning He-strong stars are given in Table 2 and those foreclipsing or ellipsoidal variables are collected in Table 3. Notes arealso provided at the end of each table, mainly about duplicities. Thecatalogue contains data on 364 CP stars and is updated to 1996, October31. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS,Strasbourg, France.
| Rotation modulation or/and pulsation in O Andromedae. I. The photometric results of an international multisite multitechnique campaign
We present the photometry of a month-long international campaign on thevariable Be star o Andromedae. Excellent time coverage and photometricprecision permit a critical comparison for the first time between thepulsational and the rotational modulation hypotheses. A multiperiodicanalysis of data taken many years apart shows sets of close frequencies.The amplitude ratio between the ultraviolet and visible variations iswhat is expected for early-type star pulsation. But, the total amplitudeand the order of importance of the frequencies is very different betweenobservation campaigns. A simple double wave periodic curve accounts formost of the light variation: a rotation/modulation model is considered,with activity variations in or just above the photosphere. Any modelmust explain the observed changes in the amplitudes of the frequencecorresponding to the period and its first harmonic. A very simple modelwith two stable photospheric activity "features" is insufficient toexplain the small variations observed around the mean values of theperiod and its light amplitude. Thus we propose that the photosphere,which is very probably oblate and seen almost equator-on, is dividedinto zonal bands undergoing differential rotation.
| 53 Persei: a slowly pulsating B star
A new investigation of the behaviour of the star 53Per was performed.New photometric observations allow to confirm two dominant periodsp_1=2.16d, p_2= 1.67d. A third one p_3= 3.64d is detected. These longperiod variations are present in our radial velocities data and in oldequivalent width data. The amplitude of the p_1 = 2.16d period increasesfrom 1977 to 1991, while the amplitude of the 1.67d period remainsconstant. Considering the observational characteristics of the starsince 1997, 53Per clearly belongs to the Slowly Pulsating B stars groupas defined by Waelkens (1991) and North & Paltani (1994).spectroscopic observations performed at the Haute Provence Observatory
| On rotation of ellipsoidal binary systems.
Not Available
| Magnesium abundance in main sequence B-type and magnetic chemically peculiar stars.
The abundance of magnesium for a sample of 19 main sequence B-type and41 magnetic chemically peculiar stars has been derived by spectrumsynthesis analysis of the MgII448.1nm line under the LTE assumption. Thelogarithm of the average Mg abundance for the main sequence stars is log(N(MgII)/N(Tot))=-4.28+/-0.19. Comparing magnetic chemically peculiar(Cp) and main sequence stars with equal effective temperature andgravity, one finds that the magnesium abundance tends to be lower inpeculiar stars with the exception of helium rich stars where thiselement can be overabundant. In Cp stars with effective temperature ofabout 14000K, the magnesium abundance does not depend on gravity,microturbulent velocity or rotational period. There appears to exist acorrelation between the magnesium abundance and the surface magneticfield, with the stars poorest in magnesium presenting the strongestmagnetic fields. In accord with the theory of magnetically controlleddiffusion - which predicts a non-homogeneous distribution of magnesiumover the stellar surface and stratification in the photosphere - somepeculiar stars show evidence of spectral variability with the rotationalphase; the respective magnesium abundances of the HgMn stars HD49606 andHD78316 depend on optical depth.
| A Catalogue of Correlations Between Eclipsing Binaries and Other Categories of Double Stars
Among the 9110 stars in The Bright Star Catalogue, there are 225eclipsing or ellipsoidal variables. A search has been made for these incatalogues of spectroscopic binaries, visual double or multiple stars,speckle interferometry, occulation binaries, and galatic clusters. Themajority of the photometric binaries are also members of groups ofhigher multiplicity. The variables are in systems ranging from one to 91stars, five on the average. 199 are either spectroscopic binaries (SB)or stars with variable radial velocity, with orbital periods known for160. Photometric periods are lacking for 48 while SB periods areavailable for 23 of these. Observers with photoelectric equipment areencouraged to plan observations to test if the SB periods are consistentwith photometric data. Observers are likewise encouraged to examinethose stars for which the photometric and SB periods appear to beinconsistent. Parallaxes are available for 86 of the stars, 41 of themindicating distances nearer than 50 parsecs.
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Observation and Astrometry data
| Constellation: | Vela |
| Right ascension: | 08h42m25.50s |
| Declination: | -53°06'50.0" |
| Apparent magnitude: | 4.86 |
| Distance: | 147.059 parsecs |
| Proper motion RA: | -25.1 |
| Proper motion Dec: | 23.8 |
| B-T magnitude: | 4.612 |
| V-T magnitude: | 4.789 |
Catalogs and designations:
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INHABITED SKY
