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The Geneva-Copenhagen survey of the Solar neighbourhood. Ages, metallicities, and kinematic properties of 14 000 F and G dwarfs
We present and discuss new determinations of metallicity, rotation, age,kinematics, and Galactic orbits for a complete, magnitude-limited, andkinematically unbiased sample of 16 682 nearby F and G dwarf stars. Our63 000 new, accurate radial-velocity observations for nearly 13 500stars allow identification of most of the binary stars in the sampleand, together with published uvbyβ photometry, Hipparcosparallaxes, Tycho-2 proper motions, and a few earlier radial velocities,complete the kinematic information for 14 139 stars. These high-qualityvelocity data are supplemented by effective temperatures andmetallicities newly derived from recent and/or revised calibrations. Theremaining stars either lack Hipparcos data or have fast rotation. Amajor effort has been devoted to the determination of new isochrone agesfor all stars for which this is possible. Particular attention has beengiven to a realistic treatment of statistical biases and errorestimates, as standard techniques tend to underestimate these effectsand introduce spurious features in the age distributions. Our ages agreewell with those by Edvardsson et al. (\cite{edv93}), despite severalastrophysical and computational improvements since then. We demonstrate,however, how strong observational and theoretical biases cause thedistribution of the observed ages to be very different from that of thetrue age distribution of the sample. Among the many basic relations ofthe Galactic disk that can be reinvestigated from the data presentedhere, we revisit the metallicity distribution of the G dwarfs and theage-metallicity, age-velocity, and metallicity-velocity relations of theSolar neighbourhood. Our first results confirm the lack of metal-poor Gdwarfs relative to closed-box model predictions (the ``G dwarfproblem''), the existence of radial metallicity gradients in the disk,the small change in mean metallicity of the thin disk since itsformation and the substantial scatter in metallicity at all ages, andthe continuing kinematic heating of the thin disk with an efficiencyconsistent with that expected for a combination of spiral arms and giantmolecular clouds. Distinct features in the distribution of the Vcomponent of the space motion are extended in age and metallicity,corresponding to the effects of stochastic spiral waves rather thanclassical moving groups, and may complicate the identification ofthick-disk stars from kinematic criteria. More advanced analyses of thisrich material will require careful simulations of the selection criteriafor the sample and the distribution of observational errors.Based on observations made with the Danish 1.5-m telescope at ESO, LaSilla, Chile, and with the Swiss 1-m telescope at Observatoire deHaute-Provence, France.Complete Tables 1 and 2 are only available in electronic form at the CDSvia anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/418/989
| Common proper motion stars in the AGK 3
A search was made of common-proper-motion (CPM) systems among AGK 3stars. The selection of physical systems was based upon the ratiobetween the angular separation (rho) and the proper motion (mu); the CPMstars found are presented in two tables. Table I lists systems withrho/mu less than 1000 years. It contains 326 entries, and the proportionof optical pairs is estimated to be 1 percent. Table II lists systemswith rho/mu in the range 1000 to 3500 years; it contains 113 systems,but only 60 percent of them are physical. Nevertheless, these systemsoften have separations larger than 10,000 AU and are the mostinteresting for the study of the tail of the distribution function ofthe semimajor axes.
| A sample of solar-type stars of known age
A sample of field F and G dwarfs of known ages is presented. All thedwarfs are secondaries of visual binaries in which the temperature andgravity of the hotter primary has been estimated from Stromgrenphotometry, and its age derived from reference to isochrones. This ageis taken to apply to the secondary. Even in the case of F-typesecondaries, which themselves have measured Stromgren indices, it ismuch better to estimate ages from the primaries as it is demonstratedthat use of isochrones to determine age of stars not far evolved fromthe main sequence can lead to significant systematic overestimates ofages when the photometric measurements have typical random errors. Anumber of systems in which photometry is available for both componentshave primaries which appear much younger than the secondaries,suggesting a need for further investigation.
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